The effect of different types of PLGA and W2 on (a) diameter and EE% (encapsulated efficiency percentage) (b) zeta potential and PDI (polydispersity index) of DPN, and the effect of incorporated PEI and W2 on (c) diameter and EE% (d) zeta potential and PDI of iDPN and i’DPN. (n = 3; mean ± standard deviation). E-PLGA/water (E-PLGA was dissolved in O and W2 was water), E-PLGA/PB (E-PLGA was dissolved in O and W2 was PB), A-PLGA/water (A-PLGA was dissolved in O and W2 was water), A-PLGA/PB (A-PLGA was dissolved in O and W2 was PB), i/water-DPN (PEI was added in W1 during the incorporation process and W2 was water), i’/water-DPN (PEI was added in O during the incorporation process and W2 was water), i/PB-DPN (PEI was added in W1 during the incorporation process and W2 was PB), i’/PB-DPN (PEI was added in O during the incorporation process and W2 was PB). Abbreviations: E-PLGA, ester terminated PLGA; A-PLGA, carboxylic acid terminated PLGA; PB, phosphate buffer (pH 8).