Fig. 1.

Oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions. Nanoemulsions are disequilibrated systems of water-in-oil (W/O) or oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. They are immiscible liquids consisting of oil and water forming a single phase by an emulsifier such as the surfactants and co-surfactants, the combination of which confers high thermodynamics, stability and other physicochemical properties on the emulsion