| ARF | auxin response factor |
| CMS | cytoplasmic male sterility |
| DEG | differentially expressed gene |
| DEM | differentially expressed miRNA |
| HD-ZIP | homeodomain–leucine zipper |
| HT | high temperature |
| IPT | inorganic phosphate transporter |
| LAC | laccase |
| MFE | minimal folding energy |
| MFEIs | minimal folding energy indices |
| miRNA | microRNA |
| NAC | NAM/ATAF/CUC |
| NT | normal temperature |
| NF-YA | nuclear transcription factor Y subunit A |
| PPR | pentatricopeptide repeat |
| PPR MIT | PPR proteins, mitochondrial-like |
| qRT-PCR | quantitative real-time PCR |
| QTL | quantitative trait loci |
| RH | relative humidity |
| RLM-5′-RACE | 5′-RNA ligase mediated rapid amplification of cDNA ends |
| SD | standard deviation |
| sRNA | small RNA |
| SPL | Squamosa promoter-binding protein-like |
| TCP | Teosinte-branched 1/Cycloidea/Proliferating |
| TF | transcription factor |
| TPM | transcripts per million |
| WT | wild-type |