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. 2021 Feb 28;13(5):1001. doi: 10.3390/cancers13051001

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Impact of head displacement on RF heating obtained from electromagnetic field (EMF) simulations using human head models without (center position) and with movements (5 mm off-center position). (A) SAR_10g (specific absorption rate) maps (maximum intensity projection: MIP) obtained for the Duke model placed in the center of the RF applicator (Duke 1). The phase and amplitude setting of the RF heating was optimized for this position. (B) SAR_10g maps (MIP) derived from the Duke model being shifted 5 mm upwards (Duke 2). Phase and amplitude settings were identical with the used settings when the head model was placed in the center position. Several hotspots were generated in healthy tissue. (C) SAR_10g maps (MIP) obtained for the clinically relevant head model placed in the center of the RF applicator (clinically relevant model (CRM) 1). The phase and amplitude setting of the RF heating was optimized for this position. (D) SAR_10g maps (MIP) derived from the clinically relevant head model using an off-center (5 mm shift upwards) positioning (CRM 2) in conjunction with the same phase and amplitude settings used for (C).