Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) patients (n = 399) at the time of enrolment.
| Parameter | No. (%) or Mean ± Standard Deviation |
|---|---|
| Gender (female) | 364 (91.2%) |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 42.8 ± 14.6 |
| Disease duration (years) | 9.9 ± 6.6 |
| No. ACR criteria | 4.7 ± 1.2 |
| Lupus nephritis (biopsy-proven) | 45 (11.3%) |
| Neuropsychiatric lupus | 43 (10.8%) |
| Disease severity 1 | |
| Mild | 190 (47.7%) |
| Moderate | 144 (36.1%) |
| Severe | 65 (16.2%) |
| Organ damage | 144 (36.2%) |
| Residence | |
| Rural | 172 (43.1%) |
| Urban and semi-urban | 227 (56.9%) |
| Education level | |
| <12 years | 284 (71.2%) |
| ≥12 years | 115 (28.8%) |
| Marital status | |
| Single | 55 (13.7%) |
| Married | 299 (74.9%) |
| Divorced or separated | 21 (5.3%) |
| Widowed | 24 (6.1%) |
| Tobacco use | |
| Never | 208 (55.3%) 2 |
| Past | 55 (14.6%) |
| Active | 113 (30.1%) |
1 See Materials and Methods for details on the definitions. 2 Data available in n = 376 patients.