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. 2021 Mar 2;118(10):e2026461118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2026461118

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3.

Local vaccination induced a stronger Th1 response and better bacterial clearance than subcutaneous vaccination. (A) Naïve Great mice were intravesically vaccinated (LV) or subcutaneously vaccinated (SV) three times with FimH and 10 μg of CpG, then challenged with UPEC J96. Unvaccinated naïve Great mice (NV) were also challenged with UPEC J96 as a control. Bladders and spleens were collected for flow cytometry analysis on day 3 postchallenge. WT C57BL/6J mice infected with J96 served as controls for YFP gating. (B) Naïve WT mice were LV or SV three times with FimH and 10 μg of CpG, then challenged with UPEC J96. Unvaccinated naïve WT mice (NV) were also challenged with UPEC J96 as a control. Bladders were collected to determine bacterial load on day 3 postchallenge. Each data point represents one mouse. Data are shown as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by ordinary one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison post hoc test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. ns, not significant.