Figure 5.

Benefits of combination therapy are highlighted in a modified dosing scheme. (A) Experimental set-up of the adapted survival experiment. C57BL6/J mice were implanted with 2.4 × 10⁵ (injected tumor) and 1.2 × 10⁵ (uninjected tumor) B16-OVA cells subcutaneously on contralateral flanks. One week later, mice were randomly distributed into treatment groups (n = 5–6) and injected intratumorally with VSV-NDV at a dose of 10⁷ TCID50 or PBS in an equal volume of 50 μL on day 0, followed by an intravenous OTI T cell injection (5.5 × 10⁶) on day 1 for combination treatment or OTI monotherapy. Intratumoral virus or PBS injections were repeated on day 7 and 14. (B) Survival of the different treatment groups was monitored and plotted in a Kaplan–Meier curve. Statistical significance was determined by log-rank test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01). (C) Tumor growth was monitored by caliper measurements of tumor width and length. The volume was calculated according to the modified ellipsoid formula: Tumor volume = 1/2(length × width²). Mean tumor volume was plotted up to day 14 for uninjected and injected tumors according to the indicated treatment groups. Statistical significance was determined by student’s t-test (**** p < 0.0001).