Table 3. Comparison of joints angles at key events between EA and MA (unit: degrees).

Variables	ANKLE		KNEE		HIP
	BE	FE	BE	FE	BE	FE
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
X (EA)	15.77 ± 5.12*	15.96 ± 13.52	41.15 ± 8.83*	42.50 ± 22.52	48.31 ± 2.13*	2.00 ± 11.29*
X (MA)	12.34 ± 3.27*	22.13 ± 2.37	58.80 ± 2.29*	47.86 ± 5.00	66.48 ± 1.77*	23.35 ± 2.28*
Y (EA)	4.85 ± 3.78*	17.42 ± 3.59*	14.74 ± 2.86*	20.73 ± 3.28*	−10.64 ± 3.12	−26.05 ± 7.36*
Y (MA)	1.55 ± 0.97*	8.74 ± 1.31*	30.18 ± 2.12*	36.01 ± 2.14*	−11.88 ± 2.18	−34.07 ± 2.45*
Z (EA)	−25.25 ± 16.53*	−50.60 ± 8.36*	18.86 ± 5.94*	13.61 ± 1.96*	23.60 ± 6.41*	11.37 ± 1.41*
Z (MA)	−10.74 ± 3.70*	−33.67 ± 2.82*	10.96 ± 1.33*	−0.10 ± 2.20*	34.18 ± 1.13*	16.40 ± 1.18*

Notes:

^*A significant difference at the hip, knee, and ankle (respectively) (P < 0.05)

X, the sagittal plane; Y, the frontal plane; Z, the transverse plane. BE, backward-end; FE, forward-end; EA, elite athlete; MA, medium athlete.