Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants.
| Characteristics | RePORT-Brazil (n = 1,060) | SINAN (n = 455,873) | p-value | pδ-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex-no. (%) | 0.027 | 0.744 | ||
| Male | 702 (66.3) | 316693 (69.5) | ||
| Female | 358 (33.7) | 139149 (30.5) | ||
| Age-median (IQR) | 36 (25–49) | 37 (26–52) | 0.001 | 1.0 |
| Race/Ethnicity-no. (%) | 0.002 | 0.5 | ||
| White | 214 (20.2) | 136446 (32.4) | ||
| Black | 271 (25.6) | 58061 (13.8) | ||
| Asian | 6 (0.6) | 3314 (0.8) | ||
| Pardo | 551 (52.1) | 218312 (51.9) | ||
| Indigenous | 16 (1.5) | 4817 (1.1) | ||
| Literate-no. (%) | 1008 (95.3) | 254989 (83.0) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 14.9) |
| Health worker-no. (%) | 45 (4.3) | 5572 (1.3) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 7.0) |
| Comorbiditiesa-no. (%) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 0.38) | ||
| Cancer | 10 (1.0) | 3933 (0.9) | ||
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease/Emphysema | 6 (0.6) | 650 (0.1) | ||
| Kidney disease | 5 (0.5) | 328 (0.1) | ||
| Hypertension | 81 (8.2) | 46668 (10.2) | ||
| Others | 66 (6.7) | 66568 (14.6) | ||
| No comorbidity | 817 (82.9) | 337715 (74.1) | ||
| Diabetes-no. (%) | 250 (24.0) | 33961 (8.0) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 11.3) |
| HIV infection-no. (%) | 220 (21.0) | 49046 (13.5) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 11.3) |
| Antiretroviral therapy (ART)b-no. (%) | 193 (87.7) | 16592 (33.8) | <0.001 | 0.5 |
| Alcohol consumption-no. (%) | 889 (83.9) | 82842 (19.5) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 31.2) |
| Illicit drug use-no. (%) | 361 (34.2) | 64919 (15.6) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 12.5) |
| Smoking-no. (%) | 555 (52.4) | 102030 (24.3) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 14.7) |
| Prior TB-no. (%) | 170 (16.2) | 88266 (19.4) | 0.010 | 0.5 |
| Abnormal chest x-ray-no. (%) | 1027 (97.0) | 323940 (93.3) | <0.001 | 0 (D = 4.8) |
| Type of TBc-no. (%) | 0.001 | 0 (Δ = 13.6) | ||
| Pulmonary | 936 (88.4) | 384709 (84.4) | ||
| Extrapulmonary | 0 (0.0) | 57301 (12.6) | ||
| Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary | 123 (11.6) | 13629 (3.0) | ||
| Positive AFB-no. (%) | 852 (80.8) | 225900 (67.9) | <0.001 | 0.5 |
| Positive culture-no. (%) | 1053 (99.9) | 93668 (69.1) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 47.8) |
| Drug-susceptibility testing (DST)-no. (%) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 14.5) | ||
| Rifampicin resistance | 5 (0.5) | 674 (1.3) | ||
| Isoniazid resistance | 51 (4.9) | 1774 (3.4) | ||
| Rifampicin-Isoniazid resistance | 26 (2.5) | 1264 (2.4) | ||
| Any drug resistanced | 98 (9.4) | 1444 (2.7) | ||
| Sensitive | 859 (82.7) | 47785 (90.3) | ||
| Directly observed treatment (DOT)-no. (%) | 740 (70.3) | 150016 (48.7) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 10.7) |
| Treatment Outcomee-no. (%) | <0.001 | 0 (Δ = 13.6) | ||
| Cure | 435 (69.5) | 258355 (66.9) | ||
| Failure | 26 (4.2) | 7343 (1.9) | ||
| Relapse | 9 (1.4) | 9039 (2.3) | ||
| Death | 52 (8.3) | 32972 (8.5) | ||
| Lost to follow-up | 92 (14.7) | 50228 (13.0) | ||
| Transferred out | 12 (1.9) | 28198 (7.3) |
Table note: Data represent no. (%) or median with interquartile range (IQR). pδ-value: second-generation p-value. Δ = delta-gap. See the Supplemental Figure 2 for the interpretation of the pδ-value. Details of the total data available in the Report-Brazil and SINAN bases in the Supplementary Table 2.
Alcohol consumption: Past or current, any consumption of alcohol. Smoking: Past or current, cigarette smoker. Illicit drug use: Past or current illicit drug use (marijuana, cocaine, heroin, or crack).
Abbreviations: TB: Tuberculosis, SINAN - Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Brazilian Notification Information System), AFB: acid fast bacilli, and ART: Antiretroviral therapy.
It did not include DM and HIV.
ART frequency was calculated among the persons living with HIV.
All individuals from the RePORT cohort had a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, in some cases with presence in other anatomical sites.
Any drug (anti-TB) resistance except rifampicin and isoniazid: Pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin, kanamycin, and ethionamide.
In RePORT-Brazil study, the results of anti-TB treatment are recorded at the last study visit (24 months after the start of treatment). By the time the present analyses were performed, 434 participants had not yet completed the last visit, and analyses of treatment outcomes did not include such participants.