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. 2021 Feb 25;15:637210. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.637210

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Copyright © 2021 Liu, Reiter, Zhou, Chen, Ou, Lenahan and He.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Overview of the potential mechanisms of stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke. Neuronal injury, increased apoptosis, inflammatory reaction, and vascular remodeling are involved in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. The underlying mechanisms of stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke may be to reverse these processes, including cell migration and differentiation into various cells to replace damaged neurons, neurotrophic secretion, apoptosis and inflammation inhibition, angiogenesis, and enhancement of neural circuit reconstruction. VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; NGF, nerve growth factor; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1.