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. 2021 Mar 1;15:633655. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.633655

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Group summary of clinical outcome measures. This figure addresses the entire cohort before deep brain stimulation (DBS) implantation (blue) after 6 (red) and 12 (green) months post-implantation on the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ), FOGQ#3, Gait and Falls Questionnaire (GFQ), Parkinson’s disease (PD) Quality of Life Questionnaire—3 (PDQ-39) total, PDQ-39 mobility, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), total Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), UPRS-III, and L-DOPA percent response. All graphs are standard box plots, with dots indicating individual scores, and plus signs indicating means. FOGQ question #3 was “Do you feel that your feet get glued to the floor while walking, making a turn or when trying to initiate walking (freezing)?” Off Med, off dopaminergic medication; On Med, on dopaminergic medication. All clinical measures were performed on globus pallidus internus (GPi) open-loop DBS. Pedunculopontine nucleus DBS was not activated during secondary outcome measures, except at month 12 for subject 5. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.