Table 3.
DDIs of strong and weak CYP3A4 inducers on NOAC user.
| Strong inducer | Weak Inducer | Control | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASM | Carbamazepine phenobarbital phenytoin | Topiramate valproic acid oxcarbazepine | Strong vs. control | Weak vs. control | Strong vs. weak | |
| Total N | 17 | 26 | 264 | |||
| Age (median, IQR) | 77.6 (66–78.7) | 72 (67–83) | 75.3 (69–81.2) | 0.388 | 0.362 | 0.886 |
| Male Gender (N, %) | 3 (17.6) | 16 (62) | 164 (60) | <0.001 | 0.834 | 0.003 |
| Follow-up (months, median, IQR) | 20.4 (8.4–32.4) | 13.2 (4.8–26.4) | 20.4 (10.8–40.8) | 0.45 | 0.041 | 0.583 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc (median, IQR) | 4 (2.25–4.75) | 3 (2-3) | 3 (2-4) | 0.68 | 0.112 | 0.22 |
| Dyslipidemia (N, %) | 5 (29.4) | 7 (27) | 125 (47.3) | 0.108 | 0.057 | 0.951 |
| Smoking (N, %) | 1 (5.9) | 5 (19) | 50 (18.9) | 0.154 | 0.961 | 0.199 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl, median, IQR) | 0.84 (0.65–0.95) | 0.95 (0.78–1.38) | 0.96 (0.77–1.14) | 0.014 | 0.593 | 0.068 |
| Nonstandard dose reduction (N, %) | 10 (58.8) | 18 (69.2) | 164 (64.1) | 0.58 | 0.846 | 0.359 |
| Embolic event IR (N) (100 p-yr) | 3.3 (1) | 10.6 (4) | 7.4 (42) | 0.477 | 0.344 | 0.512 |
NOAC, non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant; CYP, cytochrome P450 3A4; IQR, interquartile range; N, number; %, percentage; CHF, chronic heart failure; DM, diabetes mellitus; TIA, transient ischemic attack; IR, incidence rate; 100 p-yr, 100 persons per year; DDI, drug–drug interaction. Bold values indicate statistically significant.