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. 2021 Mar 15;11:6062. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85581-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL predict T2D better in women than in men. (A,B) Triglyceride has a tighter association (Spearman’s ρ) with FPG and HbA1c in women and affects FPG and HbA1c stronger (steeper slope) in women. P values, regression constant can be found in Tables S2 and S3. (C) Triglyceride is a stronger T2D predictor for women as judged by ROC-AUC analysis. (D,E) Total cholesterol levels tend to have tighter associations with FPG and HbA1c in women and affect FPG and HbA1c levels stronger in women. (F) Total cholesterol is a stronger T2D predictor for women. (G,H) LDL levels associate with FPG and HbA1c stronger in women and tend to affect FPG and HbA1c levels stronger in women. (I) LDL levels predict T2D in women but not men as judged by ROC-AUC analysis. (J,K) HDL has a very weak, negative correlation with FPG and HbA1c and shows no sex-difference. (L) HDL predicts T2D better in women than in men. AUC area under the curve, ns not significant, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.