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. 2021 Mar 2;15:643871. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.643871

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Copyright © 2021 Luppi, Spindler, Menon and Stamatakis.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Dynamics of orexin stabilisation of state transitions according to the model of Fulcher et al. (2014). The axes represent the net drives to the wake-promoting (D_M) and sleep-promoting (D_V) circuits. Regions are labelled, with the bistable region shown in blue. The black arrow represents the waking period, while the grey arrow represents sleep. The trajectory marked “no Orx” represents the dynamics of the model in the absence of orexin input. Figure adapted from Figure 3 of Fulcher et al. (2014), published under CC-BY licence.