Table 2.
Odds Ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for risk of colorectal adenoma according to quintiles of dairy intake during high school, NHS2 1998–2011.
| Dairy intake during high school (servings/day) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Ptrend | |
| ≤1.42 | 1.43–2.20 | 2.21–3.14 | 3.15–3.99 | ≥4.00 | ||
| All adenomas | ||||||
| N cases | 446 | 420 | 480 | 476 | 417 | |
| Age-adjusted* | 1 (Reference) | 0.96 (0.84, 1.10) | 1.07 (0.93, 1.22) | 1.01 (0.89, 1.16) | 1.02 (0.89, 1.18) | 0.52 |
| Multivariable† | 1 (Reference) | 0.92 (0.80, 1.06) | 1.02 (0.88, 1.17) | 0.96 (0.83, 1.11) | 0.98 (0.84, 1.15) | 0.94 |
| Multivariable† plus adult diet | 1 (Reference) | 0.91 (0.79, 1.05) | 1.00 (0.86, 1.15) | 0.93 (0.80, 1.08) | 0.94 (0.80, 1.11) | 0.64 |
| Proximal adenomas | ||||||
| N cases | 217 | 215 | 226 | 264 | 206 | |
| Multivariable† plus adult diet | 1 (Reference) | 0.96 (0.79, 1.18) | 0.99 (0.80, 1.21) | 1.08 (0.88, 1.33) | 1.01 (0.80, 1.28) | 0.56 |
| Distal adenomas | ||||||
| N cases | 195 | 185 | 200 | 195 | 184 | |
| Multivariable† plus adult diet | 1 (Reference) | 0.93 (0.75, 1.15) | 0.97 (0.78, 1.20) | 0.90 (0.71, 1.13) | 0.97 (0.76, 1.24) | 0.79 |
| Rectal adenomas | ||||||
| N cases | 76 | 63 | 103 | 72 | 53 | |
| Multivariable† plus adult diet | 1 (Reference) | 0.80 (0.57, 1.12) | 1.23 (0.89, 1.70) | 0.79 (0.55, 1.13) | 0.63 (0.42, 0.95) | 0.04 |
| Small, tubular adenomas (non-advanced) | ||||||
| N cases | 239 | 243 | 263 | 285 | 248 | |
| Multivariable† plus adult diet | 1 (Reference) | 0.97 (0.80, 1.18) | 1.02 (0.84, 1.24) | 1.04 (0.86, 1.27) | 1.07 (0.86, 1.33) | 0.39 |
| Large or villous adenomas (advanced) | ||||||
| N cases | 114 | 97 | 122 | 99 | 84 | |
| Multivariable† plus adult diet | 1 (Reference) | 0.83 (0.63, 1.10) | 1.01 (0.76, 1.33) | 0.76 (0.56, 1.04) | 0.72 (0.51, 1.00) | 0.05 |
| Single adenoma | ||||||
| N cases | 353 | 329 | 370 | 369 | 342 | |
| Multivariable† plus adult diet | 1 (Reference) | 0.90 (0.76, 1.05) | 0.96 (0.81, 1.13) | 0.89 (0.75, 1.05) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.14) | 0.64 |
| Two or more adenomas | ||||||
| N cases | 88 | 87 | 108 | 103 | 68 | |
| Multivariable† plus adult diet | 1 (Reference) | 0.99 (0.73, 1.34) | 1.22 (0.91, 1.65) | 1.13 (0.83, 1.55) | 0.90 (0.63, 1.29) | 0.88 |
*Adjusted for age, time period of endoscopy, number of reported endoscopies, time in years since most recent endoscopy and reason for current endoscopy.
†Additionally adjusted for BMI at age 18 years (<18, 18–20.9, 21–22.9, 23–24.9, ≥25 kg/m2), current physical activity (<21, 21–<30, 30–<39, 39–<54, ≥54 MET hours/week), physical activity during 9th–12th grades (quintiles), current alcohol intake (<5, 5–9.9, 10–14.9, 15–29.9, 30+ g/d), pack-years of smoking (never, 1–4.9, 5–19.9, 20–39.9, 40+ pack-years), regular aspirin use (≥2 tablets/week vs. <2/week), menopausal status/postmenopausal hormone use (premenopausal, postmenopausal with current hormone use, postmenopausal without current hormone use), family history of colorectal cancer, total calories during high school (quintiles) and intake of unprocessed red meat and processed meat during high school (quintiles).
plus adult diet = adult calorie (quintiles) and total dairy intake (quintiles).