α-ketoglutarate 2,4-DNP-hydrazone absorbs at 425 nm in the presence of strong base. A, increased redistribution of the pi electron system over two nitrogen groups, the aromatic ring and carboxyl group of α-ketoglutarate upon addition of base to α-ketoglutarate 2,4-DNP-hydrazone. B, color change of increasing α-ketoglutarate concentrations in the presence of 25 mM 2,4-DNPH, followed by the addition of 2 M NaOH. C, shift in maximum wavelength absorption from 370 nm to 425 nm of 1 mM α-ketoglutarate 2,4-DNP-hydrazone in the presence of 2 M NaOH. D, shift in maximum wavelength absorption from 360 nm to 260 nm of 50 mM 2,4-DNPH in the presence and absence of 2 M sodium hydroxide. α-KG, α-ketoglutarate; 2,4-DNPH, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine; NaOH, sodium hydroxide.