Table 1.
Patient characteristics according to loss of muscle mass and abdominal fat distribution.
| Characteristics | All Patients | Sarcopenia | p-Value | VFA/SFA | p-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 78) N (%) | Yes (n = 34) N (%) | No (n = 44) N (%) | All the Rest (n = 43) N (%) | High (n = 14) N (%) | |||
| Age, years | |||||||
| Median, (range) | 67, (35–80) | 70, (35–80) | 66, (37–79) | 0.29 | 66, (35–80) | 65, (55–78) | 0.87 |
| Sex | |||||||
| Female/male | 22 (18)/56 (72) | 12 (35)/22 (65) | 10 (23)/34 (77) | 0.33 | 13 (30)/30 (70) | 2 (14)/12 (86) | 0.40 |
| ECOG PS | |||||||
| 0 vs. 1–2 | 34 (44)/44 (56) | 12 (35)/22 (65) | 22 (50)/22 (50) | 0.28 | 23 (54)/20 (46) | 4 (29)/10 (71) | 0.19 |
| Primary tumour site | |||||||
| EGJ/PGC/DGC | 32 (41)/26 (33)/20 (27) | 13 (38)/10 (30)/11 (32) | 19 (43)/16 (36)/9 (20) | 0.48 | 12 (28)/21 (49)/10 (23) | 8 (58)/3 (21)/3 (21) | 0.10 |
| Primary tumour surgery | |||||||
| Yes/no | 22 (28)/56 (72) | 31 (91)/3 (9) | 41 (93)/3 (7) | 0.95 | 15 (35)/28 (65) | 3 (21)/11 (79) | 0.62 |
| N° metastatic sites | |||||||
| 1 vs. ≥2 | 30 (38)/48 (62) | 12 (35)/22 (65) | 18 (41)/26 (59) | 0.78 | 20 (46)/23 (54) | 1 (7)/13 (93) | 0.02 |
| Metastatic sites | |||||||
| Liver | 30 (38) | 11 (32) | 19 (43) | 0.46 | 20 (47) | 5 (36) | 0.69 |
| Lung | 6 (7) | 4 (12) | 2 (5) | 0.45 | 2 (5) | 3 (22) | 0.16 |
| Lymph nodes | 52 (66) | 24 (71) | 28 (64) | 0.68 | 24 (56) | 13 (93) | 0.02 |
| Peritoneum | 39 (50) | 17 (50) | 22 (50) | 0.81 | 22 (51) | 6 (43) | 0.81 |
| Bone | 7 (9) | 6 (18) | 1 (2) | 0.05 | 2 (5) | 3 (21) | 0.16 |
| HER2 * | |||||||
| Yes/no | 16 (24)/51 (76) | 7 (25)/21 (75) | 9 (23)/30 (77) | 0.91 | 10 (25)/30 (75) | 2 (25)/6 (75) | 0.65 |
| NLR>3 | |||||||
| Yes/no/na | 39 (50)/38 (49,9)/1(0,1) | 18 (53)/15 (44)/1 (3) | 21 (48)/23 (52)/– | 0.71 | 21 (49)/22 (51) | 8 (62)/5 (38) | 0.62 |
| PLR >200 | |||||||
| Yes/no/na | 36 (46)/40 (51,8)/2 (0,2) | 13 (38)/20 (59)/1 (3) | 23 (52)/20 (45)/1 (3) | 0.32 | 24 (57)/18 (43) | 4 (31)/9 (69) | 0.18 |
| BMI | |||||||
| ≤20/20–24.9/25–30/≥30 | 17 (23)/37 (47)/19 (24)/5 (6) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SMI, median (range; SD) | |||||||
| Female | 40.65 (25.48–61.94; 8.55) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Male | 48.51 (32.73–68.70; 8.50) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| VFA §, median (Range; SD) | 89.10 (3.56–407.77; 88.57) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SFA §, median (Range; SD) | 108.99 (0.88–355.97; 80.55) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
VFA/SFA, visceral fat area/subcutaneous fat area; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status; EGJ, esophago–gastric junction cancer; PGC, proximal gastric cancer; DGC, distal gastric cancer; HER2, epidermal growth factor receptor 2; NLR, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio; PLR, platelet–lymphocyte ratio; BMI, body mass index (kg/m2); SMI, skeletal muscle index (cm2/m2); VFA, visceral fat area (cm2); SFA, subcutaneous fat area (cm2) * Data available for 67 patients (pts); § Data available for 57 pts.