Table 3.
Spectrum, time-to-onset, and outcome of eye disorders reported with immune checkpoint inhibitors in the age subgroup 18–64 years.
| Eye Disorders # | with Anti-CTLA-4 Monotherapy (N = 185) |
with Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Monotherapy (N = 549) |
with Combination of Anti-PD-1 and Anti-CTLA-4 (N = 82) |
with ≥2 Suspected ICIs but Regimen Not Definable * (N = 50) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spectrum + | ||||
| Uveitis/autoimmune uveitis | 19 | 78 | 9 | 5 |
| Visual impairment | 16 | 48 | 8 | 1 |
| Vision blurred | 14 | 45 | 10 | 2 |
| Dry eye | 1 | 25 | 6 | 2 |
| Diplopia | 12 | 16 | 4 | 1 |
| Iridocyclitis | 6 | 14 | 2 | 8 |
| Ocular hyperaemia | 11 | 12 | 3 | - |
| Blindness | 5 | 16 | 2 | 1 |
| Visual acuity reduced | 7 | 16 | 1 | - |
| Eyelid ptosis | 2 | 19 | 2 | - |
| Eye pain | 4 | 9 | 9 | - |
| Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease | 3 | 15 | 1 | 2 |
| Papilloedema | 3 | 7 | 1 | 5 |
| Lacrimation increased | 4 | 10 | 1 | - |
| Photophobia | 5 | 7 | 1 | 1 |
| Retinal detachment | 2 | 7 | - | 2 |
| Eye irritation | 2 | 6 | 1 | 1 |
| Eye swelling | 2 | 6 | 1 | 1 |
| Cataract | 2 | 5 | 2 | - |
| Time to onset | 29 (15.7) | 104 (18.9) | 12 (14.6) | |
| Median (IQR), weeks | 7.6 (2.6–12.9) | 5.8 (2.1–14.0) | 5.3 (3.1–8.4) | - |
| Outcome | ||||
| Recovered/recovering | 77 (41.6) | 202 (36.8) | 30 (36.6) | 18 (36.0) |
| Recovered with sequelae | 3 (1.6) | 11 (2.0) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (2.0) |
| Not recovered | 13 (7.0) | 98 (17.9) | 11 (13.4) | 5 (10.0) |
| Fatal | - | 3 (0.5) | - | - |
| Not reported | 92 (49.7) | 235 (42.8) | 40 (48.8) | 26 (52.0) |
Data are n (%). # Some safety reports reported multiple eye disorders. * Due to ≥2 suspected ICIs with partially recorded or missing dates of administration. + Eye disorders with a relative frequency out of all eye disorders ≥1%. Abbreviations: ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; IQR, interquartile range; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4; PD-1, programmed cell death-1; PD-L1, programmed cell death-ligand1.