Figure 3.

The application of Mendelian Randomisation to evaluate use of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as a biomarker for ovarian reserve. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 56 genetic variants associated with menopause timing [31]. Mendelian Randomisation was used to assess association of menopause timing (a proxy for ovarian reserve) with AMH concentrations [41] making use of the 56 genetic variants associated with age at natural menopause (ANM) to genetically predicted age at menopause. Earlier predicted ANM was associated with higher AMH concentrations supporting the use of AMH to measure ovarian reserve [41].