Table 4.
Observational and post hoc studies on the new antibiotics.
| First Author (Reference) | n | Type of Infections | Resistant Microorganisms | Dose (and of the Comparator, When Avaialable) | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eravacycline | |||||
| Alosaimy [36] | 35 | cIAI (35%), pneumonia (29%), bone and joint infection (14%), skin and soft tissue infection 9%) | CRE 22.9% | 1 mg/kg IV, BD | 30-day survival: 74%, absence of 30-day recurrence: 91% resolution of signs and symptoms of infection: 57% |
| Temocillin | |||||
| Balakrishnan [43] | 92 | 46% UTI, 46% BSI, 8% HAP Non-ICU. |
ESBL or derepressed AmpC resistance in 58% | 2 g IV, TD | Clinical cure 86%, microbiological cure 84% |
| Cefiderocol | |||||
| Falcone [52] | 10 | Bacteraemia (60%) or VAP (40%) | Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii, S. maltophilia or NDM-producing K. pneumoniae | 2 g IV, TID | 30-day clinical success: 70%, 30-day survival: 90% |
| Ceftazidime/avibactam | |||||
| Caston [69] | 47 | cIAI (38.3%), pneumoniae (29.8%). | Klebsiella pneumoniae KPC | 2 g/500 mg IV, TD | 14-day clinical response: 59.6% - 30-days crude mortality: 23.4% (n = 11) |
| Ceftolozane/tazobactam | |||||
| Pogue [68] | 100 vs. 100 | VAP (52%), UTI (14%), HAP (13%). | MDR or XDR P. aeruginosa | 2 g/1 g IV, TD (62%), or 1 g/500 mg IV TD (38%) vs. polymyxin or aminoglycosides based therapy |
Clinical cure: 81% vs. 61% (OR, 2.7 (95% CI 1.4 to 5.2) |
| Gallagher [70] | 205 | HAP/VAP (59%), cIAI, cUTI, SSTI, osteomyelitis (others). | MDR P. aeruginosa (all patients) | 2 g/1 g IV, TD (47.3%), 1 g/500 mg IV TD (others) | Clinical cure: 73.7%, microbiological cure: 70.7% |
| Sheffield [71] | 7 | Deep-seated infections, such as infection of left ventricular assist device and ventriculoperitoneal shunt | MDR P. aeruginosa (all patients). | 2 g/1 g IV, TD | All patients had positive outcomes |
| Bassetti [72] | 153 | HAP/VAP (30%), cUTI (22.2%), septic shock (27.5%) | ESBL Enterobacterales (all patients). | 1 g/500 mg IV TD + concomitant antibiotics (35.6%) | Favorable clinical outcome 83.2% |
| Arakawa [73] | 115 | cUTI (100%) | ESBL 11.3% | 1 g/500 mg IV TD | Favorable clinical outcome 96.6%, and composite favorable outcome (clinical and microbiological) was 80.7% |
| Meropenem/vaborbactam | |||||
| Ackley [74] | 26 vs. 105 | UTI (35%), IAI (35.5%) | CRE 100%, KPC positive 76.9% | Dose not specified + other antibiotics (15.4%) vs. ceftazidime/avibactam + other antibiotics (61.0%) |
Clinical success at 30 days and absence of recurrent infections within 90 days: 69.2% vs. 61.9% |
| Alosaimy [75] | 40 | Pneumonia (32.5%), UTI (20%), IAI (12.5%), SSTI (12.5%). | CRE 84.6% | Dose not specified + other antibiotics (37.5%) | Clinical success at 30 days and absence of recurrent infections after last dose: 70% |
| Shields [76] | 20 | Bacteremia (40%), VAP (25%). | CRE 100% | 2 g/2 g IV, QD + other antibiotics (20%) | Clinical success at 30 days following the onset of infection: 65% |
Abbreviations: ESBL, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases; CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales; MDR, multidrug resistant; XDR, extended-drug resistant; cIAI, complicated intra-abdominal infection; cUTI, complicated urinary tract infection; HAP, hospital-acquired pneumonia; SSTI, skin and soft tissue infection; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.