Table 5.

The influence of the type and content of the biofiller used on the minimum M_min and the maximum M_max torque and its increase ΔM during vulcanization; standard deviations M_min ± 0.1 dNm, M_max ± 0.3 dNm, ΔM ± 0.3 dNm.

Sample Name	Weight Ratio of Straw to Montmorillonite	Filler Content [phr]	Mmin [dNm]	Mmax [dNm]	ΔM [dNm]
NR (Ref)		0	0.89	5.57	4.68
NR_S:MMT0	2:1	10	0.60	5.62	5.02
		20	0.82	6.41	5.59
		30	1.00	6.98	5.98
	5:1	10	0.48	6.03	5.55
		20	0.45	6.31	5.86
		30	0.72	7.6	6.88
NR_S:MMT1	2:1	10	1.02	8.97	7.95
		20	1.21	10.38	9.17
		30	1.26	11.27	10.01
	5:1	10	1.07	9.3	8.23
		20	1.14	10.9	9.76
		30	1.13	12.02	10.89
NR_S:MMT2	2:1	10	0.93	7.91	6.98
		20	0.91	10.41	9.5
		30	1.72	12.39	10.67
	5:1	10	0.88	7.75	6.87
		20	1.14	9.45	8.31
		30	1.17	10.54	9.37
NR_S:MMT3	2:1	10	1.13	8.11	6.98
		20	1.38	10.44	9.06
		30	1.81	11.6	9.79
	5:1	10	1.02	7.88	6.86
		20	1.31	9.22	7.91
		30	1.47	10.59	9.12