| MIC | minimum inhibitory concentration |
| MMP | matrix metalloproteinase |
| MRSA | methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor-κB |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| RSV | respiratory syncytial virus |
| SOD | superoxide dismutase |
| SsaA | staphylococcal secretory antigen |
| Syk | spleen tyrosine kinase |
| TBARS | thio-barbituric acid reactive substances |
| TCM | traditional Chinese medicine |
| TLR2 | toll-like receptor |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| TGF-β | transforming growth factor-β |
| UV | ultraviolet |