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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 16.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Infect Dis. 2016 May 1;62(Suppl 2):S200–S207. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw014

Table 1.

Trends in Rotavirus Vaccine Coverage and Rotavirus Positivity, and Relative Risk of Hospitalization for Rotavirus Gastroenteritis by Age Among Children Aged <5 Years, Ghana, April 2010–December 2014

Age Group Prevaccinea (Jan 2009-Mar 2012) Year 1 Postvaccine (Apr 2012-Mar 2013) Year 2 Postvaccine (Apr 2013-Mar 2014) Year 3 Postvaccine (Apr 2014-Dec 2014) Total Postvaccine (Apr 2012-Dec 2014)
<1 y
 RV+/No. (%) 852/1688 (50) 65/251 (26) 60/211 (28) 34/140 (24) 159/602 (26)
 RV rate reductiona,b (95% CI) 1  58% (43%−70%)  63% (45%−74%)  73% (55%−84%)  56% (38%−69%)
 AGE rate reductionb (95% CI) 1  51% (30%−65%)  57% (20%−76%)  52% (−18% to 80%)  52% (36%−64%)
1 to <2 y
 RV+/No. (%) 386/820 (47) 50/186 (27) 51/151 (34 29/84 (35%) 130/421 (32)
 RV rate reductiona,b (95% CI) 1  43% (15%−62%)  29% (−26% to 60%)  31% (−57% to 70%)  44% (21%−60%)
 AGE rate reductionb (95% CI) 1  30% (0%−51%)  42% (−3% to 68%)  51% (−16% to 80%)  23% (−4% to 44%)
2 to <5 y
 RV+/No. (%) 81/252 (32) 11/46 (24) 17/49 (35) 10/51 (20) 38/146 (26)
 RV rate reductiona,b (95% CI) 1  38% (−43% to 73%)  29% (−173% to 76%)  56% (−141% to 92%)  19% (−70% to 61%)
 AGE rate reductionb (95% CI) 1  30% (−18% to 60%)  9% (−123% to 63%)  80% (−552% to 50%)  50% (22%−68%)
Total (<5 y)
 RV+/No. (%) 1319/2760 (48) 126/483 (26) 128/411 (31) 73/275 (27) 327/1169 (28)
 RV rate reductiona,b (95% CI) 1  54% (38%−65%)  52% (30%−66%)  64% (42%−87%)  49% (32%−63%)
 AGE rate reductionb (95% CI) 1  43% (20%−43%)  48% (9%−71%)  43% (−30% to 75%)  44% (28%−64%)

Vaccine was introduced nationally in April 2012.

Abbreviations: AGE, acute gastroenteritis; CI, confidence interval; RV, rotavirus.

a

Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital rotavirus testing data were excluded from 2009 analysis.

b

Compared to prevaccine period, adjusting for hospital and calendar month and secular time trends.