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. 2021 Mar 8;22(5):2717. doi: 10.3390/ijms22052717

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The overall risk of bias for all of the lung studies was a high risk of bias (56.8%) and some concerns (43.2%). The selection of the reported result had a high risk of bias (46.9%) and some concerns (53.1%). The measurement of the outcome had a high risk of bias (13%), some concerns (32.7%), and low risk of bias (54.3%). The missing outcome data domain had a low risk of bias (99.4%) and a high risk of bias (0.6%). Deviations from intended interventions had a low risk of bias (90.7%), some concerns (4.3%), and high risk of bias (4.9%). The randomization process had a high risk of bias (15.4%), some concerns (79%), and low risk of bias (5.6%).