Table 4.
Determinants of adherence and self-reported causes of non-adherence to cardiovascular medications
| Determinants of adherence | |
|---|---|
| Factor | Effect |
| Age | (+); >50 years, p= 0.01 [16] |
| (−); p<0.005 [25] | |
| Education level | (+); p<0.005 [25] |
| Insurance coverage | (+); p= 0.01 [16] |
| (×) [25] | |
| Employment | (+); p< 0.005 [25] |
| Duration of pharmacotherapy | (+); <1 year, p= 0.002 [16] |
| (−); p<0.005 [26] | |
| Number of medications | (×); p= 0.78 [16] |
| Beliefs about medications | (+); p=0.006 [16] |
| (×); [25] | |
| Perception of disease severity | (+); p= 0.01 [32] |
| Perception of barriers to medications use | (+); p< 0.001 [32] |
| Knowledge | of disease (+); p= 0.01 [6] |
| of medications (+); p< 0.005 [25] | |
| Regular visits with physician | (+); p=0.001 [16] |
| Self-reported causes for non-adherence | |
| Cause | Frequency |
| Forgetfulness | 30.1% [25] |
| Lack of symptoms | 20.4% [25] |
| Side effects | 15.6% [25] |
| Lack of efficacy | 9.6% [25] |
(+) shows a direct/positive association or correlation (−) shows an inverse/negative association or correlation, (×) shows no significant relationship.