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Thermal conductivity (increasing with temperature) and viscosity (decreasing with temperature) of TiO2–water nanofluids at 1% volume fraction with 0.39% SDS and 0.39% cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactants [44], TiO2 with no surfactant [13,34], and Al2O3–water nanofluids at 1% volume fraction with and without SDBS surfactant [46].
