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. 2021 Mar 8;14(5):1291. doi: 10.3390/ma14051291

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Combined figure showing nanofluid thermal conductivity (TC) and viscosity (Visc) dependence on volume fraction for various sizes of CuO–water and Al₂O₃–water nanofluids in comparison to different theoretical models [12,25,84,97].