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. 2013 Apr;34(4):908–915. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A3292

Table 2:

Rim and flame signs in intramedullary spinal cord metastases (per-patient basis)

Rim Sign Only Flame Sign Only Both Signs Neither Sign At Least One Sign
All ISCMs (n = 45) 9 (20%) 6 (13%) 12 (27%) 18 (40%) 27 (60%)
Lung carcinoma (n = 22) 6 (27%) 3 (14%) 8 (36%) 5 (23%) 17 (77%)
Breast carcinoma (n = 6) 0 0 1 (17%) 5 (83%) 1 (17%)
Melanoma (n = 5) 0 1 (20%) 1 (20%) 3 (60%) 2 (40%)
CNS origin (n = 4) 0 0 0 4 (100%) 0
Renal cell carcinoma (n = 2) 0 1 (50%) 1 (50%) 0 2 (100%)
Other (n = 6) 3 (50%) 1 (17%) 1 (17%) 1 (17%) 5 (83%)
ISCM identified prior to systemic metastatic disease diagnosis (n = 10) 3 (30%) 2 (20%) 4 (40%) 1 (10%) 9 (90%)
Radiation therapy for primary malignancy included relevant spinal cord (n = 5) 0 1 (20%) 3 (60%) 1 (20%) 4 (80%)
Ongoing systemic steroid therapy at time of MRI (n = 12) 2 (17%) 2 (17%) 3 (25%) 5 (42%) 7 (58%)