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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Intern Med. 2020 Dec 29;174(3):289–297. doi: 10.7326/M20-4873

Table 3.

Difference in Systolic Blood Pressure Over Time With Primary Aldosteronism Testing Versus No Testing*

Variable Average Systolic Blood Pressure During Follow-up (95% CI), mm Hg Difference in Systolic Blood Pressure (95% CI), mm Hg
Unadjusted 136.7 (136.4 to 136.9) −1.32 (−1.50 to −1.14)
Adjusted for baseline covariates 136.6 (136.4 to 136.7) −1.47 (−1.64 to −1.29)
Adjusted for mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist use 136.7 (136.4 to 137.0) −1.30 (−1.93 to −0.66)
*

All analyses used linear mixed-effects modeling with random intercepts for patient, provider, and center. Adjusted analyses included baseline age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressures (mean in previous year), estimated glomerular filtration rate, minimum potassium level, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, arrhythmia, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, stroke, smoking history, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin-receptor blocker use, dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker use, thiazide/thiazide-like diuretic use, β-blocker use, other antihypertensive use, cancer, dementia, alcohol misuse, adherence, provider- and center-level number of patients with resistant hypertension, provider specialty, annual center volume, rural center location, and center academic affiliation.

These analyses used inverse probability weights to account for time-updated confounding by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist use.