Table 2.
Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of current asthma among children aged 3–17 years, 2017–2018 National Survey of Children’s Health
| Crude | Model 1* | Model 2† | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Household mold | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| No | 1.52 (1.23, 1.87) | 1.25 (1.00, 1.57) | 1.42 (1.07, 1.87) |
| Yes | |||
| Household pesticide use | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Never | 1.08 (0.93, 1.26) | 1.00 (0.86, 1.16) | 0.91 (0.76, 1.08) |
| Ever | |||
| Child’s age, year | |||
| 3–5 | 0.55 (0.44, 0.70) | 0.56 (0.44, 0.71) | |
| 6–11 | 0.87 (0.74, 1.02) | 0.86 (0.73, 1.02) | 1.02 (0.98, 1.06) |
| 12–17 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
| Child’s sex | |||
| Male | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Female | 0.80 (0.69, 0.93) | 0.80 (0.69, 0.93) | 0.94 (0.78, 1.12) |
| Child’s race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Hispanic | 1.11 (0.88, 1.41) | 1.03 (0.82, 1.29) | 1.03 (0.77, 1.38) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2.30 (1.91, 2.77) | 1.91 (1.55, 2.36) | 1.80 (1.38, 2.33) |
| Other | 1.00 (0.81, 1.23) | 0.99 (0.80, 1.23) | 1.04 (0.79, 1.37) |
| Child’s insurance type | |||
| Any public | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Private only | 0.63 (0.54, 0.73) | 0.86 (0.69, 1.08) | 0.82 (0.62, 1.08) |
| Household education | |||
| Less than high school | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| High school or equivalent | 0.98 (0.63, 1.50) | 1.11 (0.70, 1.73) | 1.29 (0.77, 2.15) |
| Some college credit (no degree) or associate degree | 1.01 (0.66, 1.52) | 1.22 (0.78, 1.91) | 1.61 (0.95, 2.75) |
| College degree or higher | 0.70 (0.47, 1.04) | 1.10 (0.70, 1.73) | 1.61 (0.96, 2.70) |
| Poverty status, % of federal poverty level | |||
| 0–199 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200–399 | 0.69 (0.58, 0.82) | 0.88 (0.72, 1.07) | 0.81 (0.64, 1.03) |
| ≥400 | 0.60 (0.51, 0.71) | 0.89 (0.71, 1.12) | 0.95 (0.73, 1.24) |
| Family structure | |||
| 2 Parents, married | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 2 Parents, unmarried | 1.92 (1.41, 2.60) | 1.48 (1.08, 2.02) | 1.32 (0.84, 2.09) |
| Single parent or other | 1.63 (1.39, 1.92) | 1.16 (0.96, 1.40) | 1.16 (0.93, 1.45) |
| Household smoker | |||
| Yes | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| No | 0.72 (0.60, 0.87) | 0.85 (0.70, 1.04) | 0.76 (0.59, 0.97) |
| Primary caregiver’s mental and emotional health status | |||
| Fair or poor | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Good | 0.62 (0.46, 0.85) | 0.75 (0.54, 1.02) | 0.78 (0.53, 1.15) |
| Very good or excellent | 0.44 (0.33, 0.58) | 0.59 (0.44, 0.80) | 0.58 (0.40, 0.85) |
| Obesity status (10–17 years) | |||
| Underweight | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
| Normal | 0.97 (0.68, 1.37) | 0.97 (0.69, 1.37) | |
| Overweight | 0.95 (0.73, 1.24) | 0.89 (0.67, 1.18) | |
| Obesity | 1.47 (1.17, 1.86) | 1.28 (0.99, 1.65) |
*
Model 1: Adjusted for all variables listed in the table for Model 1. Both exposures of interest (i.e. household mold and pesticide use) were mutually adjusted for in each model.
†
Model 2: Restricted to children aged 10–17 years and adjusted for covariates in Model 1 and obesity status. Both exposures of interest (i.e. household mold and pesticide use) were mutually adjusted for in each model.
‡
Due to age restriction (i.e., 10–17 years) for data on childhood body mass index, categorization is not applicable here. Age was included as a continuous variable in Model 2.