Table I.
The distribution of the individual risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) according to the Caprini score
| Risk factor | Score | No. of patients (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Age 41-60 years | 1 | 75 (45) |
| Swollen legs | 1 | 32 (19) |
| Varicose veins | 1 | 32 (19) |
| Obesity (BMI >25) | 1 | 131 (78) |
| Minor surgery | 1 | 0 (0) |
| Sepsis (<1 month) | 1 | 72 (43) |
| Acute miocardial infarction | 1 | 0 (0) |
| Congestive heart failure (<1 month) | 1 | 24 (14) |
| Medical patient currently at bed rest | 1 | 168 (100) |
| History of inflammatory bowel disease | 1 | 4 (2) |
| History of prior major surgery (<1 month) | 1 | 0 (0.0) |
| Abnormal pulmonary function (COPD) | 1 | 8 (5) |
| Serious ling disease including pneumonia (<1 month) | 1 | 168 (100) |
| Oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy | 1 | 0 (0) |
| Pregnancy or postpartum (<1 month) | 1 | 0 (0) |
| History of unexplained stillborn infant, recurrent spontaneous abortion (≥3), premature birth with toxemia or growth-restricted infant | 1 | 1 (0.6) |
| Age 61-74 years | 2 | 61 (36) |
| Central venous accessa | 2 | 22 (13) |
| Arthroscopic surgery | 2 | 0 (0) |
| Major surgery (>45 minutes) | 2 | 0 (0) |
| Malignancy (present or previous) | 2 | 0 (0) |
| Laparoscopic surgery (>45 minutes) | 2 | 0 (0) |
| Patient confined to bed (>72 hours)a | 2 | 14 (8) |
| Immobilizing plaster cast (<1 month) | 2 | 0 (0) |
| COVID-19 asymptomaticb | 2 | 0 (0) |
| Age 75 years or older | 3 | 19 (11) |
| History of DVT/PE | 3 | 6 (4) |
| Family history of thrombosis | 3 | 0 (0) |
| Positive factor V Leiden | 3 | 0 (0) |
| Positive prothrombin 20210A | 3 | 0 (0) |
| Elevated serum homocysteine | 3 | 0 (0) |
| Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia | 3 | 0 (0) |
| Positive lupus anticoagulant | 3 | 0 (0) |
| Elevated anticardiolipin antibodies | 3 | 0 (0) |
| Other congenital or acquired thrombophilia: D-dimer >ULNb | 3 | 102 (61) |
| Other congenital or acquired thrombophilia: D-dimer >3 ULNb | 3 | 15 (9) |
| COVID-19 symptomaticb | 3 | 66 (39) |
| Stroke (<1 month) | 5 | 0 (0) |
| Multiple trauma (<1 month) | 5 | 0 (0) |
| Elective major lower extremity arthroplasty | 5 | 0 (0) |
| Hip, pelvis or leg fracture (<1 month) | 5 | 0 (0) |
| Acute spinal cord injury, paralysis (<1 month) | 5 | 0 (0) |
| COVID-19 symptomatic with positive D-dimerb | 5 | 102 (61) |
BMI, Body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; PE, pulmonary embolism; ULN, upper limit or normal.
a
Evaluated at discharge or after death.
b
Evaluated within the modified versions of the Caprini score.