Fig 2.

Flow chart for integrated MR imaging, histology, and genomic and proteomic approaches in models of HGG. A, Representative Swiss mouse. B, Gadolinium-enhanced axial T1-weighted image shows an implanted Gl261 HGG. C, Parametric T2*map of the tumor in B. D, Parametric histogram of T2* values of C. E, Isolated normal brain from a representative Swiss mouse. F, Representative hematoxylin-eosin–stained section across a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded mouse brain carrying an implanted HGG. Reproduced from Lal et al¹⁷ with permission from the Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group. G, Microscopic view (×40) of a fixed and stained section across an HGG (small black bar on the lower right corner represents 50 μm) shows pseudopalisading necrosis characteristic of HGG. Reproduced from Collier et al¹⁸ with permission from the American Association for Cancer Research. H, Gene-expression profiling (RT qPCR results) from a representative Gl261 HGG. I, Representative VEGF-A protein expression as detected by Western blot analysis.