Table 1.
Benthic community and coral type descriptions and their class codes used for photoquadrat annotation.
| Class Code | Description | Group | Simplified Group |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACR_BRA | Acropora formosa, branching Montipera | Branching | Hard Coral |
| ACR_BRA_B_ | Acropora formosa, branching Montipera - Bleached | Branching | Hard Coral |
| ACR_HIP | Acroporidae Hispidoes; thick branches, predominantly hispidose | Branching | Hard Coral |
| ACR_HIP_B_ | Acroporidae Hispidoes; thick branches, predominantly hispidose - Bleached | Branching | Hard Coral |
| ACR_OTH | Acroporids with indeterminate shape, predominantly cuneiform | Branching | Hard Coral |
| ACR_OTH_B_ | Acroporids with indeterminate shape, predominantly cuneiform - Bleached | Branching | Hard Coral |
| ACR_PE | Encrusting Monipora | Plate | Hard Coral |
| ACR_PE_B_ | Encrusting Monipora - Bleached | Plate | Hard Coral |
| BRA_TAB_Ac | Acropora tabular/corymbose/plate | Plate | Hard Coral |
| BRA_TAB_B_ | Acropora tabular/corymbose/plate - Bleached | Plate | Hard Coral |
| BRA_DIG_Ac | Acropora digitate, branches resembling fingers | Branching | Hard Coral |
| BRA_DIG_B_ | Acropora digitate, branches resembling fingers - Bleached | Branching | Hard Coral |
| FAV_MUS | Favia, Favites, Platygyra, Goniastrea, Diploastrea, Lobophyllia | Massive | Hard Coral |
| FAV_MUS_B_ | Favia, Favites, Platygyra, Goniastrea, Diploastrea, Lobophyllia - Bleached | Massive | Hard Coral |
| MASE_OTH | Massive, submassive, encrusting colonies of undetermined taxonomic group | Massive | Hard Coral |
| MASEoth_B_ | Massive, submassive, encrusting colonies of undetermined taxonomic group - Bleached | Massive | Hard Coral |
| TFP_RDG_Al | Thin, foliose or plating colonies with visible relief structures on the plates | Plate | Hard Coral |
| TFP_RDG_B_ | Thin, foliose or plating colonies with visible relief structures on the plates -Bleached | Plate | Hard Coral |
| TFP_RND_Al | Thin, foliose or plating colonies with visible rounded corallites on the plates | Plate | Hard Coral |
| TFP_RND_B_ | Thin, foliose or plating colonies with visible rounded corallites on the plates - Bleached | Plate | Hard Coral |
| BRA_OTH | Branching other | Branching | Hard Coral |
| BRA_OTH_B_ | Branching other - Bleached | Branching | Hard Coral |
| OTH_HC | Other HC not assigned to any other category | HC Other | Hard Coral |
| OTH_HC_B_ | Other HC not assigned to any other category - Bleached | HC Other | Hard Coral |
| POCI | Pocilloporidae sp. (includes Seriatopora and Stylophora) | Branching | Hard Coral |
| POCI_B_ | Pocilloporidae sp. (includes Seriatopora and Stylophora) - Bleached | Branching | Hard Coral |
| POR_BRA | Porites cylindrica, Goniopora (Poritidae branching) | Branching | Hard Coral |
| POR_BRA_B_ | Porites cylindrica, Goniopora (Poritidae branching) - Bleached | Branching | Hard Coral |
| POR_ENC | Porites lichen (Poritidae encrusting) | Massive | Hard Coral |
| POR_ENC_B_ | Porites lichen (Poritidae encrusting) - Bleached | Massive | Hard Coral |
| POR_MASS | Porites lobata, P. lutea (Poritidae massive) | Massive | Hard Coral |
| POR_MASS_B_ | Porites lobata, P. lutea (Poritidae massive) - Bleached | Massive | Hard Coral |
| GORG | Sea Fans/Plumes; Gorgonia, Pseudopterogorgia | Soft | Other |
| GORG_B_ | Sea Fans/Plumes; Gorgonia, Pseudopterogorgia - Bleached | Soft | Other |
| ALC_SF | Common large fleshy Alcyoniidae representatives | Soft | Other |
| ALC_SF_B_ | Common large fleshy Alcyoniidae representatives - Bleached | Soft | Other |
| OTH_SF | Other soft coral (not sea fans) | Soft | Other |
| OTH_SF_B_ | Other soft coral (not sea fans) - Bleached | Soft | Other |
| Other | All other | All other | Other |
| MINV_COTS | Crown of thorns sea star, Acanthaster planci | Invertebrates | Other |
| MOB_INV | Mobile invertebrates 1 (sea cucumber, urchin) | Invertebrates | Other |
| OTH_SINV | Other sessile invertebrates (zoanthids, anemones, corallimorphs, sponges, clams, etc) | Invertebrates | Other |
| Lobph | Lobophora; fleshy algae | Algae | Algae |
| Turbin | Turbinaria sp. | Algae | Algae |
| MAECBS | Erect Course Branching Brown: Sargassum sp. | Algae | Algae |
| Pad | Padina sp. (pencil shavings) | Algae | Algae |
| Dicsp | Dictyota sp. | Algae | Algae |
| Chlor | Chlorodesmis sp (turtle weed); green filamentous | Algae | Algae |
| MACR_Cal_H | Calicifying algae: Halimeda | Algae | Algae |
| Caul | Caulerpa sp., green algae | Algae | Algae |
| Cya_spe | Cyanobacterium sp. | Algae | Algae |
| ALG_OTH | Other algae | Algae | Algae |
| CAL_CCA_DC | Crustose Coralline Algae on dead coral | Rock | Rock |
| CAL_CCA_RB | Crustose Coralline Algae on rubble | Rubble | Rubble |
| EAM_DHC | Epithelial algal matrix smothering dead hard coral (Turf on Rock) | Rock | Rock |
| EAM_RB | Epithelial algal matrix smothering rubble (Turf on Rubble) | Rubble | Rubble |
| Sand | Sand | Sand | Sand |
| BMA_sand | Benthic microalgae on sand | Sand | Sand |
| Seagrass | Seagrass, any type | Other | Other |
| TAPE | Line or hardware | Other | Other |
| Unk | Unknown, but represents something (annotator doesn’t know what it is) | Other | Other |
| Unc | Unclear; point falls in a shadowy, blurry, dark area | Other | Other |
| WATE | Blue background | Other | Other |
Manual and automated (machine) annotation utilized the full labelset (63 class codes). Following machine annotation, these 63 class codes were aggregated via broad groups into six simplified groups for validation of the machine learning.