Table 2.
Summary of measurement model.
| Constructs | Items | Cronbach's Alpha | Factor loading | SMC | CR | AVE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constructivist beliefs (CB) | CB1 | 0.687 | 0.665 | 0.442 | 0.811 | 0.519 |
| CB2 | 0.777 | 0.604 | ||||
| CB3 | 0.750 | 0.563 | ||||
| CB4 | 0.683 | 0.466 | ||||
| Classroom climate (CC) | CC1 | 0.886 | 0.852 | 0.726 | 0.921 | 0.745 |
| CC2 | 0.810 | 0.656 | ||||
| CC3 | 0.906 | 0.821 | ||||
| CC4 | 0.881 | 0.776 | ||||
| Efficacy in student engagement (ESE) | ESE1 | 0.843 | 0.853 | 0.728 | 0.896 | 0.683 |
| ESE2 | 0.887 | 0.787 | ||||
| ESE3 | 0.819 | 0.671 | ||||
| ESE4 | 0.739 | 0.546 | ||||
| Efficacy in classroom management (ECM) | ECM1 | 0.848 | 0.870 | 0.757 | 0.898 | 0.689 |
| ECM2 | 0.783 | 0.613 | ||||
| ECM3 | 0.850 | 0.723 | ||||
| ECM4 | 0.814 | 0.663 | ||||
| Efficacy in instruction (EI) | EI1 | 0.766 | 0.666 | 0.444 | 0.852 | 0.592 |
| EI2 | 0.766 | 0.587 | ||||
| EI3 | 0.792 | 0.627 | ||||
| EI4 | 0.842 | 0.709 |
SMC, Square multiple correlation; CR, Composite reliability; AVE, Average variance extracted.