Table 4.
Univariate and Multivariate Cox-Regression Analyses of Predictors Associated with Recurrence-Free Survival After Curative Liver Resection for High-AFP Hepatocellular Carcinoma
| Variables | UV HR (95% CI) | UV P | MV HR (95% CI) | MV P* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 0.97 (0.72–1.30) | 0.829 | ||
| Age > 60 years | 0.87 (0.64–1.18) | 0.367 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.32 (0.77–2.25) | 0.313 | ||
| Overweight | 1.09 (0.88–1.35) | 0.421 | ||
| ASA score > 2 | 0.91 (0.64–1.28) | 0.574 | ||
| HBsAg (+) | 0.78 (0.53–1.15) | 0.211 | ||
| Anti-HCV (+) | 1.39 (0.62–3.12) | 0.426 | ||
| Cirrhosis | 1.19 (0.92–1.54) | 0.198 | ||
| Portal hypertension | 1.06 (0.83–1.34) | 0.658 | ||
| Child-Pugh grade B | 1.38 (1.03–1.91) | 0.069 | NA | 0.331 |
| Preoperative AFP > 1200 ng/mL | 1.19 (0.94–1.49) | 0.148 | ||
| Preoperative tumor rupture | 2.26 (1.40–3.63) | 0.001 | 1.70 (1.05–2.77) | 0.032 |
| Maximum tumor size > 5 cm | 1.86 (1.51–2.30) | < 0.001 | 1.29 (1.03–1.62) | 0.026 |
| Multiple tumors | 1.89 (1.46–2.46) | < 0.001 | NA | 0.130 |
| Macrovascular invasion | 6.15 (4.45–8.50) | < 0.001 | 3.50 (2.50–4.88) | < 0.001 |
| Microvascular invasion | 1.63 (1.33–2.01) | < 0.001 | NA | 0.442 |
| Satellite nodules | 2.44 (1.94–3.09) | < 0.001 | 1.77 (1.39–2.27) | < 0.001 |
| Incomplete tumor encapsulation | 2.16 (1.74–2.67) | < 0.001 | 1.44 (1.14–1.83) | 0.003 |
| Poor tumor differentiation | 1.29 (1.02–1.62) | 0.031 | NA | 0.962 |
| Intraoperative blood loss > 600 mL | 1.69 (1.33–2.15) | < 0.001 | NA | 0.350 |
| Intraoperative blood transfusion | 1.90 (1.50–2.42) | < 0.001 | 1.42 (1.10–1.82) | 0.006 |
| Major hepatectomy | 1.85 (1.47–2.34) | < 0.001 | NA | 0.254 |
| Non-anatomical resection | 1.14 (0.90–1.44) | 0.281 | ||
| Resection margin < 1 cm | 2.19 (1.77–2.70) | < 0.001 | 1.80 (1.45–2.24) | < 0.001 |
| Postoperative adjuvant TACE | 1.03 (0.83–1.29) | 0.763 | ||
| Postoperative IBR | 5.73 (4.45–7.37) | < 0.001 | 4.29 (3.31–5.55) | < 0.001 |
Note: *Those variables found significant at P < 0.1 in univariable analyses were entered into multivariable analyses.
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HCV, hepatitis C virus; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; HR, hazard ratio; MV, multivariable; NA, not applicable; UV, univariable; CI, confidence interval; IBR, incomplete biomarker response; TACE, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.