Table 2.
Comparison of physical function within and between the groups (n = 38).
| Parameters | PDBT Group | Control Group (n = 19) | t (p) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 19) | ||||
| WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index (Total) | Baseline | 64.00 (7.431) | 58.26 (14.854) | 1.506 (0.141) |
| Post-intervention | 4.05 (1.77) | 7.16 (2.67) | ||
| Baseline/post-intervention (Difference) | 6.95 (2.09) | 3.89 (4.04) | 2.924 (0.007) * | |
| t (p) | 14.460 (0.000) ** | 4.202 (0.001) * | ||
| WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index (Pain) | Baseline | 11.00 (2.49) | 11.05 (3.02) | 0.058 (0.954) |
| Post-intervention | 4.05 (1.77) | 7.16 (2.67) | ||
| Baseline/post-intervention (Difference) | 6.95 (2.09) | 3.89 (4.04) | 2.924 (0.007) * | |
| t (p) | 14.460 (0.000) ** | 4.202 (0.001) * | ||
| WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index (Stiffness) | Baseline | 4.74 (1.32) | 4.00 (1.41) | 1.656 (0.106) |
| Post-intervention | 1.53 (0.77) | 2.00 (0.81) | ||
| Baseline/post-intervention (Difference) | 3.21 (1.31) | 2.00 (1.10) | 3.070 (0.004) * | |
| t (p) | 10.637 (0.000) ** | 7.886 (0.000) ** | ||
| WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index (Physical Function) | Baseline | 48.26 (6.37) | 43.21 (11.50) | 1.674 (0.103) |
| Post-intervention | 23.53 (4.46) | 28.11 (8.67) | ||
| Baseline/post-intervention (Difference) | 24.74 (6.00) | 15.11 (12.68) | 2.991 (0.006) * | |
| t (p) | 17.948 (0.000) ** | 5.191 (0.000) ** | ||
| ROM (°) Knee Flexion |
Baseline | 107.56 (9.92) | 115.32 (14.71) | 1.907 (0.064) |
| Post-intervention | 138.87 (5.99) | 136.96 (7.99) | ||
| Baseline/post-intervention (Difference) | 31.31 (9.52) | 21.63 (12.98) | 2.619 (0.013) * | |
| t (p) | 14.335 (0.000) ** | 7.266 (0.000) ** | ||
| PPT (kg/cm2) | Baseline | 2.80 (0.76) | 2.40 (0.67) | 1.714 (0.095) |
| Post-intervention | 3.60 (0.91) | 2.96 (0.94) | ||
| Baseline/post-intervention (Difference) | 0.79 (1.15) | 0.56 (0.93) | 0.685 (0.497) | |
| t (p) | 3.002 (0.008) * | 2.631 (0.017) * | ||
| KOS-ADLS score | Baseline | 26.05 (11.51) | 28.84 (9.74) | 0.806 (0.425) |
| Post-intervention | 46.47 (8.68) | 42.79 (7.77) | ||
| Baseline/post-intervention (Difference) | 20.42 (8.94) | 13.95 (8.34) | 2.308 (0.027) * | |
| t (p) | 9.957 (0.000) ** | 7.287 (0.000) ** | ||
Values are presented as means (standard deviations). PDBT: progressive dynamic balance training; WOMAC: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities; ROM: range of motion; KOS-ADLS: Knee Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living; PPT: pain pressure threshold. * Statistically significant (p < 0.05). ** Statistically significant (p < 0.001).