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. 2021 Mar 4;18(5):2556. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052556

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics of youth and adult samples (all males) and outdoor tobacco advertising.

Youth Sample Adult Sample
Variable n % Variable n %
[1] [2] [3] [4]
Total 400 492
Age group Age group
11–14 years 190 48% 18–34 years 232 47%
15–21 years 210 53% 35+ years 260 53%
Level Neighborhood
Junior high school 260 65% Poorer area 223 45%
Senior high school 140 35% Richer area 269 55%
Neighborhood Advert density exposure
Poorer area 180 45% Low 197 40%
Richer area 220 55% Medium 147 30%
High 148 30%
Advert density exposure
Low 160 40% Advert proximity exposure
Medium 120 30% At least one within 200 m 292 59%
High 120 30% No advert within 200 m 200 41%
Advert proximity exposure Smoking status
At least one within 200 m 240 60% Ever smoke cigarette 354 72%
No advert within 200 m 160 40% Otherwise 138 28%
Smoking status
Ever smoke cigarette 258 65%
Otherwise 142 36%

Note: n = sample, % = proportion. There were 400 students interviewed from 20 high schools (so 20 students per school). Out of 400 youth samples, 382 students were 11–17 years old, 14 students were 18 years old, and 4 students were 19 or 21 years old. There were 492 adults interviewed near those 20 high schools (24–25 adults per school). For neighborhood, poorer/richer areas are with higher/lower subdistrict-level poverty rates. The measures of density and proximity were the same for youth/students and adult samples. Density was measured by the total number of adverts within 400 m of each school. For density, basic descriptive = mean 9.75, standard deviation 7.97, and range 0–24.