Table 4.

Log book plus interview: summary of the reviewed studies (n = 4).

Authors (Year), Country	Objectives	Methods, Settings and Participants	Results/Discussions	Results in Relation to Review
Jarosz (2017) [48] UK	To examine social differentiation in eating patterns in Britain.	Focus on family meals with under-aged children. Using data from the 2014–2015 UK Time Use Survey, 1 weekday and 1 weekend day.	The highest occupational class dedicated more time to family meals. This effect was no longer significant when controlling for education or income. Higher educated individuals had more frequent family meals, and more affluent individuals spent more time at the table with household members.	Household composition mattered for how people ate. Parents of younger children ate with them more frequently than parents of teenagers did. Single parents, a notoriously time-poor category, spent the least amount of time eating with their families.
Kniffin (2015) [49] USA	To investigate organizational benefits when coworkers engage in commensality.	Study performed within firehouses in a large city, mix of qualitative and quantitative including group conversations and interviews and introductory questions.	The field research showed a significant positive association between commensality and work-group performance.	The findings establish a basis for research and practice that focuses on ways that businesses or workplaces can enhance team performance by leveraging the mundane, powerful activity of eating together.
Kwon (2017) [50] Korea	To assess the association between eating alone and the MetS and to identify whether sociodemographic factors modify this association.	This study included 7725 adults and used interviews.	20.8% of men and 29.2% of women ate alone ≥2 times/day. Those who ate alone 2 or more times per day showed higher frequency of living alone, having no spouse, skip meals, and less eating out. Women with eating alone ≥2 times/day had a crude OR of 1.29 for MetS compared with women not eating alone.	Eating alone ≥2 times/day was significantly associated with increased abdominal obesity. This could be shown due to a combination of commensality and weight characteristics, interviews.
Paddock Warde Whillans (2017) [51] UK	This paper examines aspects of the experience of eating out in 2015 and its change over time.	A repeat survey, from quota sampling, conducted in the Spring of 2015. The third tranche of data arises from 31 follow-up, in-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted, in three cities.	Focus on the changing reasons and meanings of the activity as breadth of experience in the population augments and eating main meals outside the home becomes less exceptional	Ordinary events have become more prevalent, and the paper delineates two forms of “ordinary” occasions: the “impromptu” and the “regularized.” It describes the consequences for understanding the social significance of eating out, its informalization and normalization.