Table 1.

Choosing Wisely Canada Patient-Oriented Framework.

Level of Engagement	Description	This Study
Partner	Establish partnership with patients	We partnered with two patient partners with LBP 1.
Engage	Engage patients in key role of planning, steering, and implementing.	The two patient partners were engaged in each step of the process, proposing the research questions, designing participant recruitment materials, data collection, analysis and interpretation of results, and refining the LBP prescription pad.
Inform	Inform patients of benefits, harms and uncertainties about tests, treatments and other procedures.	Exploring views and perspectives of patient partners and participants, we developed a LBP prescription pad as a knowledge translation intervention about treatment options, reasons for imaging, risks of unnecessary imaging, and follow-up to manage LBP.
Empower	Empower patients for shared decision making with healthcare providers.	The LBP prescription pad is intended to promote better patient-clinician conversations about unnecessary imaging.

¹ Lower back pain.