. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2020 Mar 28;61(12):1360–1369. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13222

Table 2:

Group differences in social communication (total and subdomains) at age 16 years

	Institutionalization effect			Intervention effect
Outcome	NIG (n = 43) M (SE)	EIG (n = 86) M (SE)	z	FCG (n = 44) M (SE)	CAUG (n = 42) M (SE)	z
SCQ total score	.09 (.01)	.15 (.02)	3.58^***	.12 (.02)	.18 (.03)	1.46
Reciprocal social interaction	.05 (.01)	.12 (.03)	3.43^**	.07 (.03)	.17 (.04)	2.12^*
Communication	.11 (.02)	.14 (.02)	1.51	.11 (.02)	.18 (.04)	1.32
Repetitive and stereotyped behaviors	.05 (.02)	.11 (.02)	2.31^*	.10 (.03)	.11 (.04)	.28

^***

p < 0.001.

^**

p < 0.01.

p < 0.05.

z – standardized estimate/SE(standardized estimate)

NIG – never-institutionalized group; EIG – ever-institutionalized group; FCG – foster care group; CAUG – care-as-usual group