Table 5.
Urinary levels of 8-epi-PGF2α and PGE-M in relation to risk of hepatocellular carcinoma by years between biospecimen collection and cancer diagnosis, the Shanghai Cohort Study
| Urinary levels of biomarker in quartile | Controls | <5 years | 5–<10 years | ≥10 years | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases | OR (95% CI)b | Cases | OR (95% CI)b | Cases | OR (95% CI)b | ||
| 8-epi-PGF2αa | |||||||
| First quartile | 167 | 6 | 1.00 | 18 | 1.00 | 28 | 1.00 |
| Second quartile | 167 | 9 | 1.53 (0.47–4.99) | 14 | 0.87 (0.39–1.94) | 41 | 1.26 (0.69–2.29) |
| Third quartile | 167 | 13 | 2.16 (0.71–6.51) | 21 | 1.21 (0.57–2.56) | 27 | 0.68 (0.35–1.30) |
| Fourth quartile | 166 | 39 | 5.29 (1.92–14.54) | 40 | 2.41 (1.21–4.80) | 69 | 2.21 (1.27–3.86) |
| P for trend | <0.001 | 0.005 | 0.012 | ||||
| PGE-Ma | |||||||
| First quartile | 165 | 7 | 1.00 | 19 | 1.00 | 44 | 1.00 |
| Second quartile | 165 | 5 | 0.56 (0.14–2.14) | 20 | 1.17 (0.55–2.46) | 45 | 0.83 (0.48–1.43) |
| Third quartile | 165 | 15 | 1.98 (0.64–6.12) | 28 | 1.57 (0.76–3.25) | 40 | 0.87 (0.50–1.52) |
| Fourth quartile | 165 | 9 | 1.09 (0.31–3.85) | 20 | 1.15 (0.53–2.50) | 38 | 0.78 (0.44–1.36) |
| P for trend | 0.374 | 0.557 | 0.428 |
aForty-six (22 cases and 24 controls) were excluded due to missing 8-epi-PGF2α, and 88 subjects (57 cases and 31 controls) were excluded due to missing PGE-M (the details were described in the Methods).
bORs (95% CIs) were derived from unconditional logistic regression models with adjustment for age, year of biospecimens collection, neighborhood of residence, cigarette smoking (never, former, current smokers), alcohol consumption (non-drinkers, <4 drinks per day, ≥4 drinks per day), body mass index (<18.5, 18–<23, 23–<27, 27+ kg/m2), self-reported history of physician-diagnosed liver cirrhosis (no, yes), and serological status of hepatitis B surface antigen (negative, positive)