Table 1.
Clinical features at diagnosis.
| Item | Asian (n=134) | Black African/Caribbean (n=69) | White Caucasian (n=219) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total ACR score | 5 [4–6] | 4 [4–5] | 4 [4–5] | 0.611 |
| SLEDAI score | 8 [5–14] | 7 [2–10] | 11 [6–17] | <0.001 (B vs C = <0.001,B vs A = 0.039) |
| Total numerical pBILAG2004 score | 8 [4–16] | 5 [1–12] | 9 [4–16] | 0.019 (B vs C = 0.04, B vs A = 0.02) |
| Active pBILAG2004 organ/system domain involvement at diagnosis | ||||
| • Constitutional | 53/134 (39.6%) (31.3%, 47.9%) | 13/69 (18.8%) (9.6%, 28.0%) | 60/219 (27.4%) (21.5%, 33.3%) | 0.005 (B vs A = 0.003) |
| • Mucocutaneous | 63/134 (47.0%) (38.6%, 55.5%) | 18/69 (26.1%) (15.7%, 36.5%) | 83/219 (37.9%) (31.5%, 44.3%) | 0.014 (B vs A = 0.004) |
| • Neuropsychiatric | 15/134 (11.2%) (5.9%, 16.5%) | 6/69 (8.7%) (2.1%, 15.4%) | 19/219 (8.7%) (5.0%, 12.4%) | 0.714 |
| • Musculoskeletal | 37/134 (27.6%) (20.0%, 35.2%) | 14/69 (20.3%) (10.8%, 29.8%) | 78/219 (35.6%) (29.3%, 41.9%) | 0.037 (B vs C = 0.017) |
| • Cardiorespiratory | 13/134 (9.7%) (4.7%, 14.7%) | 4/69 (5.8%) (0.3%, 11.3%) | 29/219 (13.2%) (8.7%, 17.7%) | 0.194 |
| • Gastrointestinal | 7/134 (5.2%) (1.4%, 9.0%) | 0/69 (0%) – | 14/219 (6.4%) (3.2%, 9.6%) | 0.102 |
| • Ophthalmic | 3/134 (2.2%) (0.3%, 4.7%) | 0/69 (0%) – | 1/219 (0.5%) (0.4%, 1.4%) | 0.223 |
| • Renal | 48/134 (35.8%) (27.7%, 43.9%) | 22/69 (31.9%) (20.9%, 42.9%) | 63/219 (28.8%) (22.8%, 34.8%) | 0.383 |
| • Hematological | 32/134 (23.9%) (16.7%, 31.1%) | 21/69 (30.4%) (19.6%, 41.3%) | 51/219 (23.3%) (17.7%, 28.9%) | 0.471 |
Total ACR, pBILAG2004 and SLEDAI scores are presented as median values and interquartile ranges. For pBILAG2004 constituents, the number of patients with activity of A or B (deemed as signifying active organ domain involvement) was counted and presented as a percentage along with 95% confidence intervals. Results of post-hoc pairwise comparison tests (Fisher’s Exact test) are indicated in curved brackets under the p value, indicating where the significant differences lie using the following codes: A= Asian, B= Black African/Caribbean, C=White Caucasian.Statistically significant results were marked in bold and italic fonts.