Table 1.

Main characteristics of the selected researches

Study cohort	Study design	Year (study duration)	Study region	No. (LPS/LPT)	Age (years)	Outcome	Follow up (months)	BMI (kg/m2)	Tumor size (cm)(LPS/LPT)	Method of tumor extraction	No. of tumor spillage (LPS/LPT)	No. of lymph nodes removed (LPS/LPT)	No. of upstaging (LPS/LPT)	No. of adjuvant therapy (LPS/LPT)	No. of recurrence (LPS/LPT)	No. of port-site metastasis (LPS/LPT)
Lu, Q.	retrospective study	2016	China	42/50	LPS:54 (14–69)	OS	82 (16–152)	LPS:23.5 ± 4.0	NR	capsule bag	NR	20/22	9/10	12/15	5/6	0
		(2002–2014)			LPT:58 (25–76)			LPT:24.8 ± 3.2
Minig, L.	retrospective comparative observational study	2016	Spain	50/58	LPS:52 (44.8–62.3)	OS/PFS	LPS:25.9 (11.2–38.5)	LPS:23.7 (21.8–27.2)	6.75 / 10.0	endo-bag	NR	15/13.5	12/8	32/34	1/7	0
		(2006–2014)			LPT:52 (44.8–65)		LPT:34.3 (28.4–47.8)	LPT:24.6 (21.8–28.5)
Gallotta, V.	retrospective case-control study	2016	Italy	60/120	LPS:48 (24–73)	OS/PFS	38 (24–48)	NR	NR	NR	NR	16/ 18	NR	70%, similar between LPS/LPT	5/16	0
		(LPS:2007–2013;LPT:2000–2011)			LPT:55 (22–81)
Ditto, A.	retrospective study	2017	Italy	50/50	LPS:46.0 ± 13.4	OS/PFS	LPS:49.5 ± 64	LPS:25.1 ± 3.4	NR	NR	NR	31/36	10/13	31/28	NR	0
		(2005–2015)			LPT:42.8 ± 11.2		LPT:52.6 ± 31.7	LPT:25.8 ± 5.1
Xiong, W.	retrospective study	2017	China	71/31	LPS:47 ± 10	OS	50.5	LPS:23 ± 4	8/14	capsule bag	NR	18.1/15.5	7/2	67/59	11/4	0
		(2007–2014)			LPT:49 ± 10			LPT:22 ± 3
Merlier, M.	retrospective study	2000–2018	France	37/107	LPS:56.3 ± 16.8	OS/PFS	LPS:24 (11–50)	LPS:23.8 ± 5.0	NR	NR	NR	28/67	NR	34/96	2/31	0
					LPT:56.2 ± 14.7		LPT:42 (22–66)	LPT: 25.4 ± 5.0

LPT Laparotomy, LPS Laparoscopy, BMI Body Mass Index, OS Overall Survival, PFS Progression Free Survival, NR Not Report