TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics.
| Women |
Men |
CN N = 92 | MCI N = 148 | AD N = 69 | P1 | P2 | |||||||
| CN N = 46 | MCI N = 46 | AD N = 30 | Total N = 122 | CN N = 46 | MCI N = 102 | AD N = 39 | Total N = 187 | ||||||
| Age, years | 76.26 ± 5.15 | 72.18 ± 6.78 | 73.76 ± 7.72 | 74.11 ± 7.54 | 75.15 ± 5.73 | 76.40 ± 7.14 | 75.85 ± 7.50 | 75.78 ± 6.88 | 75.70 ± 5.45 | 74.84 ± 7.23 | 74.94 ± 7.61 | 0.0309 | 0.8281 |
| APOEε4 carriers | 7 (17.39) | 29 (63.04)a | 22 (73.33)a | 58 (47.54) | 15 (34.78) | 50 (49.02) | 27 (69.23) | 92 (49.20) | 22 (23.91) | 79 (53.38) | 49 (71.01) | 0.8662 | <0.0001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.26 ± 5.17 | 25.16 ± 4.26 | 24.15 ± 3.64 | 25.33 ± 4.21 | 26.74 ± 4.28 | 25.79 ± 3.59 | 26.03 ± 3.45 | 26.07 ± 3.74 | 26.50 ± 4.73 | 25.60 ± 3.80 | 25.21 ± 3.63 | 0.0652 | 0.1877 |
| Educational level, years | 14.74 ± 2.69 | 15.24 ± 2.88 | 14.3 ± 2.64 | 14.82 ± 2.80 | 16.52 ± 2.95 | 16.29 ± 2.92 | 15.82 ± 3.09 | 16.25 ± 2.96 | 15.63 ± 2.95 | 15.97 ± 2.94 | 15.16 ± 2.98 | <0.0001 | 0.3382 |
| CSF ApoE | 7.20 ± 2.24 | 6.42 ± 1.74 | 5.96 ± 2.11 | 6.601 ± 48.33 | 7.41 ± 2.17 | 7.56 ± 2.40 | 6.91 (2.39) | 7.39 ± 2.35 | 7.30 ± 2.20 | 7.21 ± 2.27 | 6.50 ± 2.31 | 0.0046 | 0.0571 |
| CSF Aβ | 212.80 ± 51.44 | 156.10 ± 44.37 | 141.50 ± 30.94 | 173.90 ± 59.42 | 203.20 ± 55.40 | 162.10 ± 51.37 | 141.40 ± 38.16 | 167.90 ± 54.28 | 160.32 ± 53.38 | 160.24 ± 49.23a | 141.41 ± 34.96a,b | 0.3074 | <0.0001 |
| CSF t-tau | 69.93 ± 27.44 | 115.86 ± 52.23 | 137.8 ± 64.56 | 103.94 ± 64.05 | 67.76 ± 25.52 | 110.59 ± 52.79 | 110.25 ± 52.07 | 94.53 ± 49.74 | 68.85 ± 26.37 | 105.33 ± 52.92a | 122.24 ± 59.01a,b | 0.1197 | <0.0001 |
| CSF p-tau | 23.44 ± 10.35 | 38.30 ± 15.43 | 42.38 ± 16.08 | 33.70 ± 19.27 | 26.13 ± 15.93 | 35.16 ± 15.51 | 40.13 ± 23.70 | 33.97 ± 18.19 | 24.79 ± 13.43 | 36.14 ± 15.50a | 41.11 ± 20.63a,b | 0.7774 | <0.0001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 8 (17.39) | 11 (23.91) | 5 (16.67) | 24 (19.67) | 23 (50.00) | 33 (32.35) | 19 (48.72) | 75 (40.11) | 31 (33.70) | 44 (29.73) | 24 (34.78) | 0.0003 | 0.6987 |
| Hypertension | 25 (54.35) | 18 (39.13) | 16 (53.33) | 59 (48.36) | 20 (43.48) | 53 (51.96) | 18 (46.15) | 91 (48.66) | 45 (48.91) | 71 (47.97) | 34 (49.28) | 1.0000 | 0.9806 |
| Hyperlipoidemia | 17 (36.96) | 19 (41.30) | 15 (50.00) | 51 (41.80) | 23 (50.00) | 48 (47.06) | 20 (51.28) | 91 (48.66) | 40 (43.48) | 67 (45.27) | 35 (50.72) | 0.2864 | 0.6417 |
| Depression | 5 (10.87) | 14 (30.43) | 14 (46.67) | 33 (27.05) | 3 (6.52) | 16 (15.69) | 8 (20.51) | 27 (14.44) | 8 (8.70) | 30 (2.02) | 22 (31.88) | 0.0095 | 0.0011 |
| Mean follow-up, y | 2.61 ± 1.69 | 1.98 ± 1.39 | 1.57 ± 0.86 | 2.16 ± 1.46 | 2.63 ± 1.57 | 2.31 ± 1.47 | 1.18 ± 0.51 | 2.11 ± 1.45 | 2.62 ± 1.62 | 2.21 ± 1.45 | 1.35 ± 0.70a,b | 0.6999 | <0.0001 |
BMI, body mass index; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; ApoE, Apolipoprotein E; Aβ, amyloid-β; p-tau, phosphorylated tau; t-tau, total tau; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; CN, cognitively normal; AD, Alzheimer’s disease. Categorical data are shown as n (%) and continuous data are shown as mean ± SD. P1 value is comparison of the total participants in female and male groups. P2 value is comparison of the total participants in CN, MCI, and AD groups. aP < 0.01 compared to the total participants in CN. bP < 0.01 compared to the total participants in MCI.