Table 2.
Characteristics of women who underwent liver transplantation in the United States 2008–2017, by length of stay †
| Length of stay <20 days (n = 7,246) |
Length of stay ≥20 days (n = 2,454) |
p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics, comorbidities, and liver disease history | ||||
| Age at listing, years | 55 (48–61) | 56 (49–62) | <0.001 | |
| Ethnicity | White | 71.2 | 68.5 | <0.001 |
| Black | 11.6 | 9.8 | ||
| Hispanic | 12.9 | 17.8 | ||
| Asian | 2.4 | 2.6 | ||
| Other | 1.9 | 1.4 | ||
| Liver diagnosis | Alcohol | 15.8 | 17.2 | 0.05 |
| Hepatitis C | 23.2 | 22.7 | ||
| NASH/Cryptogenic | 19.2 | 20.7 | ||
| Hepatitis B | 9.0 | 8.8 | ||
| Autoimmune/cholestatic | 23.7 | 21.2 | ||
| Other | 7.9 | 8.6 | ||
| History of prior transplant | 2.3 | 2.9 | 1.1 | |
| Height, cm | 163 (158–168) | 163 (158–168) | <0.001 | |
| Obesity | 41.8 | 43.0 | 0.31 | |
| Diabetes | 24.4 | 26.8 | 0.02 | |
| Insurance | Private | 53.5 | 48.0 | <0.001 |
| Medicaid | 16.5 | 20.1 | ||
| Medicare | 27.6 | 29.7 | ||
| Region risk | Low | 53.6 | 35.4 | 0.003 |
| Medium | 14.9 | 17.9 | ||
| High | 31.5 | 46.7 | ||
| Clinical characteristics at time of transplant | ||||
| Age, years | 55 (48–61) | 57 (50–63) | <0.001 | |
| MELDNa | 27 (22–34) | 33 (27–39) | <0.001 | |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 71.8 | 78.5 | <0.001 | |
| Ascites | 85.6 | 87.8 | 0.008 | |
| Portal vein thrombus | 10.9 | 12.3 | 0.07 | |
| Dialysis | 16.5 | 38.7 | <0.001 | |
| Life support | 10.6 | 8.4 | <0.001 | |
| Karnofsky Performance Status | 50 (30–70) | 30 (20–50) | <0.001 | |
| KPS Category | Unable to care for self | 46.0 | 73.1 | <0.001 |
| Unable to work | 42.0 | 22.4 | ||
| Normal activity | 12.0 | 4.5 | ||
| Donor risk index | 1.5 (1.2–1.8) | 1.5 (1.2–1.8) | 0.05 | |
| Health resource utilization pre-transplant | ||||
| Hospitalized pre-transplant | 36.3 | 66.7 | <0.001 | |
| Prolonged hospitalization (> 10d) pre-transplant | 17.2 | 44.5 | <0.001 | |
| Transplanted from ICU | 11.9 | 36.1 | <0.001 | |
†
Data presented as percent or median (interquartile range)
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); Model for End-Stage Liver Disease with Sodium (MELDNa); Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS); intensive care unit (ICU).