Table 1. Characteristics of studies included in meta-analysis for S. japonicum.
| SL | Country (reference) | Study design | Study year | Total sample size | Participant’s age | Prior treatment with PZQ before | Index test | Reference standard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Philippines[23] | Cross-sectional study | 2015 | 412 | 5–69 years | ELISA and ddPCR assay | Kato-Katz test (3 slides from single stool) | |
| 2 | China[24] | Cross-sectional study | 2010 | 142 | 6–68 years | PCR assay | Kato-Katz test (3 slides from single stool) | |
| 3 | Philippines[25] | Cross-sectional study | 2011 | 560 | > = 4 years | qPCR assay | Kato-Katz test | |
| 4 | China[26] | Cross-sectional study | 2,732 | 5–76 years | Yes | DIGFA, DDIA, IHA-A, IHA-B |
Stool examination | |
| 5 | China[27] | Cross-sectional study | 394 | 5–80 years | No | IHA, ELISA | Stool examination | |
| 6 | Philippines[22] | Cross-sectional study | 2015 | 452 | ddPCR assay with stool, serum, urine, and saliva | Kato-Katz (6 slides from 2 stools) or Fecal ddPCR | ||
| 7 | China[28] | Cross-sectional study | 2003 | 1,553 | 5–84 years | IHA, CDIFA | Kato-Katz (3 slides from single stool) and/or IHA | |
| 8 | China[29] | Cross-sectional study | 2013–2014 | 200 | 15–78 years |
RPA, ELISA, IHA | Kato-Kato (3 slides from single stool) | |
| 9 | China[30] | Cross-sectional study | 2005 | 1864 | 6–65 years | No | DDIA, IHA-A, IHA-B | Stool examination |
| 10 | Philippine[31] | Cross-sectional study | 338 | COPT, ELISA | MFCT | |||
| 11 | Philippines[32] | Cross-sectional study | 1979 | 598 | >6 years student |
ELISA | MFCT | |
| 12 | China[33] | Cross-sectional study | 1,914 | 5–75 years | IHA, ELISA | Kato-Katz (6 slides from 2 stools) | ||
| 13 | China[34] | Cross-sectional study | 2001–2006 | 3,533 | 5–65 years | IHA | Kato-Katz (3 slides from single stool) |
Note: CDIFA-Colloidal dye immunofiltration assay; COPT-Circumoval precipitin test; DDIA-Dipstick dye immunoassay; ddPCR-Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction; DIGFA-Dot immunogold filtration assay; ELISA-Enzyme-Linked immuno sorbent assay; IHA-Indirect haemagglutination assay; IHA-A-Indirect haemagglutination assay test A; IHA-B-Indirect haemagglutination assay test B; MFCT-Modified methiolate-formaldehyde concentration technique; PCR-Polymerase chain reaction; qPCR- Real-time polymerase chain reaction; RPA-Recombinase polymerase amplification.