Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to presence of carotid plaque
| Characteristic | Total (n = 310) | No plaque (n = 159) | Plaque (n = 151) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 67.8 ± 11.7 | 63.8 ± 12.1 | 71.9 ± 9.7 | < 0.001 |
| Male sex | 208 (67.1) | 99 (62.3) | 109 (72.2) | 0.041 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.1 ± 3.4 | 27.1 ± 19.9 | 25.0 ± 3.47 | 0.228 |
| HTN | 208 (67.1) | 94 (59.1) | 114 (75.5) | 0.002 |
| DM | 82 (26.5) | 27 (17.0) | 55 (36.4) | < 0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 51 (16.5) | 22 (13.8) | 29 (19.2) | 0.131 |
| Prior MI | 28 (9.0) | 9 (5.7) | 19 (12.6) | 0.026 |
| Prior stroke | 49 (15.8) | 19 (11.9) | 30 (19.9) | 0.039 |
| CHF | 99 (31.9) | 47 (29.6) | 52 (34.4) | 0.212 |
| CKD | 23 (7.4) | 7 (4.4) | 16 (10.6) | 0.031 |
| PAD | 21 (6.8) | 5 (3.1) | 16 (10.6) | 0.012 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 2.95 ± 1.81 | 2.41 ± 1.62 | 3.52 ± 1.82 | < 0.001 |
| Medications | ||||
| Warfarin | 42 (13.5) | 23 (14.5) | 19 (12.6) | 0.740 |
| NOAC | 20 (6.5) | 6 (3.8) | 14 (9.3) | 0.064 |
| Aspirin | 73 (23.5) | 35 (22.0) | 38 (25.2) | 0.592 |
| P2Y12 inhibitors | 19 (6.1) | 10 (6.3) | 9 (6.0) | 0.547 |
| ACEi | 17 (5.5) | 10 (6.3) | 7 (4.6) | 0.621 |
| ARB | 46 (14.8) | 22 (13.8) | 24 (15.9) | 0.635 |
| Beta blocker | 66 (21.3) | 41 (25.8) | 25 (16.6) | 0.053 |
| CCB | 34 (11.0) | 15 (9.4) | 19 (12.6) | 0.468 |
| Diuretics | 29 (9.4) | 9 (5.7) | 20 (13.2) | 0.031 |
| Statin | 24 (7.7) | 9 (5.7) | 15 (9.9) | 0.203 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD or number (%).
BMI, body mass index; HTN, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; MI, myocardial infarction; CHF, congestive heart failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; PAD, peripheral artery disease; NOAC, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CCB, calcium channel blocker.