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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2021 Jan 23;272:113712. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113712

Table 1.

Life Expectancy at Age 30 by Education and Year, Finland 1971–2010.

Education Level Time Period Change Over Time
Men 71–75 76–80 81–85 86–90 91–95 96–00 01–05 06–10 71–75 to 06–10
1. Basic education 38.6 39.5 40.7 41.1 42.0 43.0 43.9 44.4 5.7
2. Upper secondary, vocational school 42.1 42.9 43.1 43.5 44.5 45.4
3. Upper secondary, high school 41.5 42.8 44.1 44.8 46.1 47.4 46.8a 47.5a
4. Short-cycle tertiary 43.4 44.7 45.8 46.8 48.1 49.6 49.5 50.3 7.0
5. Bachelor’s degree 43.2 43.3 45 45.8 47.4 49.1 50.7 51.8 8.6
6. Master’s degree or higher 43.7 45 46.2 47.6 48.9 50.3 51.4 52.7 9.0
Total 39.3 40.4 41.7 42.4 43.6 44.8 46.3 47.3 8.0
Difference (6–1) 5.1 5.5 5.4 6.5 6.9 7.3 7.5 8.3 3.3
Women 71–75 76–80 81–85 86–90 91–95 96–00 01–05 06–10 71–75 to 06–10
1. Basic education 46.6 48.0 49.0 49.2 49.7 50.4 51.0 51.5 4.9
2. Upper secondary, vocational school 49.2 50.1 50.8 51.0 51.7 52.5
3. Upper secondary, high school 49.2 50.0 51.2 51.1 52.2 53.1 53.4a 54.2a
4. Short-cycle tertiary 49.3 50.9 51.8 52.2 53.2 54.4 54.6 55.8 6.5
5. Bachelor’s degree 49.1 51.3 51.6 52.4 52.9 53.7 55.2 56.0 6.9
6. Master’s degree or higher 50.2 51.0 51.9 52.4 53.8 53.8 55.1 56.1 5.9
Total 46.9 48.4 49.4 49.7 50.5 51.5 52.5 53.6 6.7
Difference (6–1) 3.6 3.0 2.9 3.3 4.1 3.4 4.1 4.6 1.0
a

Due to a change in Finland’s educational system, the “Upper secondary, high school” category from 2001 forward corresponds to the combined “Upper secondary, vocational school” and “Upper secondary, high school” categories in prior years.

Source: Authors’ calculations based on Finnish registry data and censuses.