Fig. 5. Inhibiting autophagy enhanced the antitumor efficacy of T-DM1 in vivo.

A–C Subcutaneous xenograft models of NCI-N87 cells were established in nude mice. Tumor growth in the different groups was evaluated by caliper measurements and using length × width²/2 to calculate tumor volume once every 2 days. Tumor weights were measured after 23 days of intervention, and each point represents an independent data from a mouse. The values of different groups were recorded as the mean ± S.D. The treatment of T-DM1 combined with LY294002 (n = 8) reduced tumor volumes as compared with T-DM1 (n = 9) or Vehicle (n = 7), *P < 0.05, and ***P < 0.001. T-DM1 treatment alone reduced tumor volumes as compared with Vehicle, ***P < 0.001. D The levels of SQSTM1, LC3, cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase 9, and cleaved caspase 3 in xenograft tumor tissue were examined by immunoblot analysis. The results of statistical analysis were presented in Supplementary Fig. S6.