Table 2.
Study sample characteristics for the choroidal thickness analyses (n = 341).
| CRP trajectory group | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 259) | Low to high (n = 36) | High (n = 45) | |
| Age† (years; mean ± 1 SD) | 19.9 ± 0.5 | 19.8 ± 0.4 | 19.8 ± 0.4 |
| Female‡ (n, %) | 121 (46.7%) | 25 (69.4%)* | 23 (51.1%) |
| Ethnicity§ (n, %) | |||
| Caucasian | 213 (82.2%) | 30 (83.3%) | 41 (91.1%) |
| East Asian | 11 (4.2%) | 1 (2.8%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| South Asian | 4 (1.5%) | 1 (3.3%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Other/mixed | 31 (11.9%) | 4 (11.1%) | 4 (8.9%) |
| BMI† (kg/m2; mean ± 1 SD) | 23.9 ± 4.1 | 23.6 ± 5.4* | 28.9 ± 7.3* |
| Annual family income in AUD1,000 (n, %)§ | |||
| < 24.0 | 46 (17.8%) | 2 (5.6%) | 10 (22.2%) |
| 24.0 to < 36.0 | 59 (22.8%) | 8 (22.2%) | 13 (28.9%) |
| > 36.0 | 83 (32.0%) | 13 (36.1%) | 9 (28.9%) |
| No response / prefer not to say | 71 (27.4%) | 13 (36.1%) | 13 (29.9%) |
| Highest education (n, %)§ | |||
| Primary | 4 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.0%) |
| Secondary | 157 (60.6%) | 25 (69.4%) | 27 (60.0%) |
| University | 14 (5.4%) | 2 (5.6%) | 1 (2.2%) |
| Other / prefer not to say | 84 (32.4%) | 9 (24.9%) | 17 (37.8%) |
| Smokers§ (n, %) | 25 (9.7%) | 3 (8.3%) | 7 (15.6%) |
| Pack-years smoked|| (median [IQR]; range) | 0.0 [0.0 to 0.0] Range = 0.0 to 2.2 | 0.0 [0.0 to 0.0] Range = 0.0 to 0.5 | 0.0 [0.0 to 0.0] Range = 0.0 to 4.1 |
| Childhood exposure to secondhand smoke (n, %)‡ | |||
| Limited exposure | 131 (51.7%) | 20 (55.6%) | 16 (40.0%) |
| Some/heavy exposure | 125 (48.3%) | 16 (55.6%) | 27 (60.0%) |
| Ocular measures# (median [IQR]) | |||
| Spherical equivalent (D) | + 0.38 [− 0.25 to + 0.63] | + 0.25 [− 0.13 to + 0.63] | + 0.38 [− 0.09 to + 0.75] |
| Axial length (mm) | 23.5 [23.0 to 24.0] | 23.4 [23.0 to 23.8] | 23.4 [23.8 to 24.0] |
| IOP (mmHg) | 16 [14 to 19] | 16 [13 to 17] | 16 [14 to 19] |
BMI = body mass index; CRP = c-reactive protein; IOP = intraocular pressure; IQR = interquartile range; SD = standard deviation. *Statistically different from the “Low” group at p < 0.001; †group difference analysed using one-way analysis of variance; ‡analysed using Chi-squared test; §analysed using Fisher exact test; ||range additionally shown as median and IQR values are all 0, analysed using the using the Kruskal–Wallis test; #analysed using generalised estimating equations.